Wind energy is a general term that refers to any mechanical energy generated by wind or another naturally occurring airflow.
FREMONT, CA: Offshore wind has the potential to provide significant amounts of clean, renewable electricity to cities along the United States' coastlines.
Offshore Wind Resources Are Abundant: According to the Energy Department, offshore wind could generate more energy than all of the United States' electric power plants combined if all of the resources in state and federal waters were developed.
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Offshore Wind Turbines Can Be Overly Lofty: To use the tremendous wind resources available offshore, offshore wind turbines can be scaled up to the height of the Space Needle, or nearly twice the height of the Statue of Liberty—about 550 feet.
Offshore Wind Turbine Components Are Easier to Transport: Because offshore wind turbine components are carried through ships and barges, logistical issues associated with land-based wind components, such as narrow roadways or tunnels, are avoided. Thanks to these components, offshore wind turbines can now be built with larger and more powerful turbines.
The Energy Department is working to speed the deployment of offshore wind technology through various projects that address market hurdles such as environmental consequences, logistical issues, siting and permitting, and infrastructure development. Additionally, the Energy Department collaborates with both the public and private sectors to enhance the nation's emerging offshore wind industry through research and technology innovations. Finally, the Energy Department is pursuing advanced technology demonstrations.
Offshore Wind Farms Connect to the Grid through Undersea Cables: Electricity generated by offshore wind turbines is returned to land via several cable systems buried in the seafloor. This electricity is routed through coastal load centers, which prioritize the distribution of electricity and distribute it to homes, schools, and businesses.
The vast prevalence of the United States' offshore wind resources are located in deep water: Around 60 percent of the nation's offshore wind resources are located in places with water that is too deep for conventional foundations—giant steel piles or lattice structures attached to the seabed—to be practicable. Offshore wind projects in the United States are building several various foundations to accommodate the site's particular characteristics.
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: Several companies are building novel floating offshore wind platforms for usage in the deep sea. Spar-buoy, tension leg platform, and semi-submersible are three types of floating platforms.